{"id":40580,"date":"2020-07-31T07:33:30","date_gmt":"2020-07-31T05:33:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/magazinnew.reichelt.de\/magazin\/uncategorized\/home-automation-i-getting-started-with-the-home-assistant-software\/"},"modified":"2023-03-08T15:04:04","modified_gmt":"2023-03-08T14:04:04","slug":"home-automation-getting-started-with-the-home-assistant-software","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.reichelt.com\/magazin\/en\/projects\/home-automation-getting-started-with-the-home-assistant-software\/","title":{"rendered":"Home Automation I \u2013 Getting started with the Home Assistant software"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"rich-text block-editor-rich-text__editable\"><strong>Just another smart home standard?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<p>The last years have been very eventful for home automation. Everyone is talking about IoT and many manufacturers offer solutions for it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After the initial enthusiasm, however, disillusionment usually follows: there are an infinite number of standards and solutions, many are managed in a cloud and often products become useless and incompatible with each other if the manufacturer stops providing service. In addition, there are many different programs and apps for controlling the individual devices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.home-assistant.io\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Home Assistant<\/a> is the solution to all these problems for you as DIYer. Here you can install your own powerful home automation software on your own server &#8211; and in the simplest case a Raspberry Pi is enough &#8211; and use it not only for the devices you develop yourself, but also for integrations of all imaginable IoT manufacturers. And all this is Open Source.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Interested? In this How-to I will show you how to install Home Assistant on a Raspberry Pi and give you an overview of functions and possibilities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The project<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Time required:<\/strong> min. 3h (advanced)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>You need this:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A server, in the simplest case a <a aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reichelt.com\/gb\/en\/?ACTION=2&amp;GROUPID=8242&amp;&amp;VIEWALL=1&amp;propselect[0]=112%23General%23Design%23Standard%20%23Standard%230&amp;propselect[1]=1%23General%23Type%23Raspberry%20Pi%20%23Raspberry%20Pi%230&amp;propselect[2]=983%23General%23Category%23Board%20%23Board%230\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Raspberry Pi<\/a><\/li><li>Programming knowledge in Python is advantageous<\/li><li> <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Project overview<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>There are several ways you can install Home Assistant on a Raspberry Pi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We recommend the so-called HassOS (for Home Assistant Operating System, to be found on Github at <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/home-assistant\/operating-system\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/github.com\/home-assistant\/operating-system<\/a>), which is a preconfigured image.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For me personally, this method did not always work well and I had to reinstall the server due to problems. If you still prefer to use this method, you can find all information <a href=\"https:\/\/www.home-assistant.io\/hassio\/installation\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I recommend the manual installation. It may be a bit more complicated at the beginning, but in operation it has proven itself to me because of its lower complexity and good maintainability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you already have a NAS or server at home, it is a good idea to install Home Assistant on it. Among the <a aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.home-assistant.io\/docs\/installation\/#community-provided-guides\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">guides provided by the community<\/a> you will find instructions for e.g. Synology devices. In addition, there is a community plugin for FreeNAS that you can <a aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/tprelog\/iocage-homeassistant\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">find on Github<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The manual installation<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The installation follows <a href=\"https:\/\/www.home-assistant.io\/docs\/installation\/raspberry-pi\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">these instructions<\/a> from the documentation. Should the process change in the future, you will find the most current information there.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I will briefly summarize the necessary steps for you again.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After we have opened the terminal on our Pi, we first install all necessary packages:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get upgrade -y\nsudo apt-get install python3 python3-dev python3-venv python3-pip libffi-dev libssl-dev<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Then, for security reasons, first create a new user &#8220;homeassistant&#8221; with which the Home Assistant process is executed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This user will also be added to three additional groups that are required to run various services.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo useradd -rm homeassistant -G dialout,gpio,i2c<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Please set a password for the user on your system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Afterwards we create the installation directory, also called &#8220;homeassistant&#8221;, and give the necessary read and write rights to the user &#8220;homeassistant&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>cd \/srv\nsudo mkdir homeassistant\nsudo chown homeassistant:homeassistant homeassistant<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>The following step is necessary to manage Python dependencies cleanly and separately from other projects on your Pi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You create a venv (virtual environment, documentation can be found <a href=\"https:\/\/virtualenv.pypa.io\/en\/latest\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a>), which will use the libraries and the correct Python version.<br>To do this you first switch to the user &#8220;homeassistant&#8221; via:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo -u homeassistant -H -s<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>and initialize and activate the venv:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>cd \/srv\/homeassistant\npython3 -m venv .\nsource bin\/activate<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>At the end you install python-wheel and with the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pip_(package_manager)\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Python3 package manager pip3<\/a> Home Assistant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>python3 -m pip install wheel\npip3 install homeassistant<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Now everything is prepared and you can start Home Assistant, short hass.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>hass<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>The first start takes a very long time, because more content will be installed. Once this has been done, however, all further starts are fast.<br>If this is also done, the web interface of your own home automation software can be accessed via HTTP on port 8123.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To do this, open the browser and enter the address in the address bar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>localhost:8123<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Of course you can also access the website from any other device in your home network. First find out the IP address of your Raspberry Pi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ip addr show<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>If your Pi is connected to the router via WLAN, the IP will be under the node &#8220;wlan0&#8221;. If you connected it with an ethernet cable you will find the IP in the node &#8220;eth0&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the picture you can see how Home Assistant welcomes you at the first start.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reichelt.com\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/weboberflaeche_init_2.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.reichelt.com\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/weboberflaeche_init_2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11205\" width=\"405\" height=\"713\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Configuration and extensions<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>After you have entered names and the basic settings, you can already integrate your IoT devices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Scroll through the list and get an overview of the many integrations, perhaps you already have a device that can be controlled via Home Assistant. There are of course many more modules and new ones are added daily.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I recommend to browse the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.home-assistant.io\/integrations\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">overview of the integrations<\/a> to get more ideas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This How-to should create the necessary basics in infrastructure and knowledge to understand the further articles of this series and to be able to implement them yourself. Therefore you will also get to know the configurations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The further options for automation, configuration and also presentation of the website can be found in the extensive <a aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.home-assistant.io\/docs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">documentation<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are basically two ways to configure Home Assistant:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>on the website under the menu item Settings<\/li><li>with a text editor and the configuration files (in this example found under \/home\/homeassistant\/.homeassistant) directly on the Raspberry Pi<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Tip: Changes in YAML&#8217;s configuration files can cause errors that can lead to problems at restarts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You can <a href=\"https:\/\/www.home-assistant.io\/docs\/tools\/check_config\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">check the configuration<\/a> on the website as well as on the Pi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>First, we add a display about the IP of our Raspberry Pi via the website.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To do this, go to Settings &gt; Integrations &gt; + and search for &#8220;Local IP address&#8221;. Then you give the sensor the name &#8220;Raspi-IP&#8221;. In the overview you will then find the sensor in a circle at the top. Click on it to display the desired information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The next sensor should give you the temperature of the CPU of the Raspberry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To do this, open the following file on the Raspberry Pi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\/home\/homeassistant\/.homeassistant\/configuration.yaml<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Attention: You must do this with the user &#8220;homeassistant&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you are not logged in with this account, simply enter the following in the console:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo su homeassistant\nnano configuration.yaml<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Then add <a href=\"https:\/\/www.home-assistant.io\/integrations\/sensor.command_line\/#cpu-temperature\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">this entry<\/a> to the end of the file and save the file (CTRL+, Enter, CTRL+x).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Don&#8217;t forget to check the Config. To do this, close hass in the previously opened terminal and then execute the following line:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>hass --script check_config<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>If everything fits, restart Home Assistant and see the result in your browser:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reichelt.com\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/weboberflaeche_fertg_2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.reichelt.com\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/weboberflaeche_fertg_2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11206\" width=\"405\" height=\"713\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>More options<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As you can see, the possibilities are almost unlimited, although you have only scratched the surface so far.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sensors alone are not very useful yet, but now you can use them to <a aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.home-assistant.io\/docs\/automation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">create automations<\/a>, to <a aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.home-assistant.io\/docs\/frontend\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">design the interface<\/a>, and much more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sind Sie durch den Artikel <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reichelt.com\/magazin\/en\/projects\/sensor-database-on-the-raspberry-pi\/\">Sensordatenbank auf dem Raspberry Pi<\/a> auf den Geschmack gekommen und wollen die vom Home Assistant gesammelten Daten l\u00e4nger aufbewahren und verarbeiten?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <a aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.home-assistant.io\/integrations\/influxdb\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">InfluxDB integration<\/a> offers the possibility to store selected data in an InfluxDB!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reichelt.com\/magazin\/en\/projects\/home-automation-programming-your-own-devices-with-esphome\/\">Im n\u00e4chsten Artikel dieser Reihe<\/a> werden Sie eigene Sensoren programmieren und in Home Assistant einbinden und somit noch tiefer in die Materie eintauchen.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Title picture composed of:<br>Home Assistant Logo &#8211; Jeremy Geltman &nbsp;\/&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>&nbsp;\/&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a><br>Raspberry Pi Photo &#8211; Michael Henzler&nbsp;\/&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>&nbsp;\/&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Just another smart home standard? The last years have been very eventful for home automation. Everyone is talking about IoT and many manufacturers offer solutions for it. After the initial enthusiasm, however, disillusionment usually follows: there are an infinite number of standards and solutions, many are managed in a cloud and often products become useless [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":41607,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6041,6037],"tags":[3422],"class_list":["post-40580","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-maker-hub-en","category-projects","tag-hausautomation"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Home Automation I \u2013 Getting started with the Home Assistant software - reichelt Magazin<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reichelt.com\/magazin\/en\/projects\/home-automation-getting-started-with-the-home-assistant-software\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Home Automation I \u2013 Getting started with the Home Assistant software\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Just another smart home standard? The last years have been very eventful for home automation. Everyone is talking about IoT and many manufacturers offer solutions for it. 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