Whether as part of a DIY project, STEM lessons or university laboratory work, or during training with cobots, robotic arms offer a wide range of learning opportunities and play a central role in practical technology education. After all, few other tools allow learners to experience and understand the principles of mechanics, electronics, programming and automation quite so directly.
Why robotic arms? Advantages of practical applications in the learning process
Robotic arms are much more than just a technical gimmick: they are a tangible, accessible and sustainable learning tool. Rather than dealing with formulae and concepts in the abstract, pupils can apply them directly. This direct link between theory and practice promotes interest in technology and can demonstrably impact learning success.
Another advantage of using robotic arms in the classroom is that results are visible quickly. When a correctly programmed arm successfully performs a task, pupils experience an immediate sense of achievement, which can significantly increase motivation.
At the same time, using robotic arms strengthens technical skills and interdisciplinary competencies, such as teamwork on joint puzzles and developing creative solutions.
What is important? Selection criteria for educational robotic arms
When selecting robotic arms for educational purposes, it should be noted that not all arms are equally suitable for all areas. Several factors play a decisive role and should be tailored to the lesson.
Degrees of freedom (DOF): manoeuvrability and complexity
The degree of freedom (DOF) indicates how many independent movements a robot arm can perform. Each DOF corresponds to an axis or joint. Therefore, the higher the DOF, the more flexible the robot arm is, and the more complex its control and handling. For teaching purposes, 4–6 DOFs are usually sufficient.
Control and programmability: Blockly, Python, Arduino and ROS/ROS2
We recommend robot arms with a scalable programming environment that facilitates the transition from basic solutions to highly complex frameworks. Visual, block-based editors such as Blockly or mBlock are suitable for beginners as they convey sequences without syntax errors. Advanced users benefit from text-based languages such as Python or C/C++ via the Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for hardware-based control.
Expandability & end-of-arm tooling (EoAT): grippers, suction cups, sensors
If the robot arm is to be used in different scenarios, the modularity of the end effectors must be considered. This allows for quick and easy changes, for example from a mechanical gripper to a vacuum suction cup. An additional integrated sensor system also expands the range of applications. A standardised interface (e.g. ROS-compatible drivers or I/O connections) ensures third-party modules and self-developed EoAT solutions can easily be connected.
User-friendliness and software support: Minimise barriers to entry
An intuitive user interface, detailed instructions and an active community make it easy to get started and help you overcome technical hurdles quickly.
Price-performance ratio: didactic benefits versus investment costs
When making a purchase, ensure that the added educational value is proportionate to the cost. The most expensive model is not necessarily the best choice — the most important thing is how well it supports the learning objectives.
Five models at a glance: from entry-level to research laboratory
The following five models demonstrate the versatility of robotics in education, ranging from simple entry-level models to complex research platforms:
Beginner-friendly and inexpensive
DIY and Arduino compatibility
The Arduino Tinkerkit Braccio is perfect for tinkerers and STEM projects with a DIY focus. This fully assembleable, modular robot arm is designed specifically for Arduino-based control. This allows both simple motion sequences and complex control logic. With a maximum reach of 80 cm and a maximum height of 52 cm, the Braccio provides a substantial workspace for tabletop applications. It can also lift loads of up to 150 g, making it ideal for educational experiments or automation prototypes.
Versatile for teaching
The DOBOT Magician Advanced is a professional, multifunctional robotic arm suitable for education, research, and industrial prototyping thanks to its modular design and extensive connectivity. It combines precise motion control with a variety of control options, including USB, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, app control and gamepad control. The teach & playback function enables you to record and play back motion sequences directly on the device by manually guiding the arm. The Magician supports a wide range of end-of-arm tools, including 3D printers, drawing pens, grippers and suction cups. This makes it ideal for creative projects, such as drawing and creating 3D models, as well as practical automation tasks.
Research-oriented and open source
The uFactory xArm6 Lite is an inexpensive alternative to traditional industrial robot arms. This 6-DOF robot arm is precise and robust with a payload of up to 5 kg and a reach of 700 mm. With a repeatability of ±0.1 mm, it is well-suited to demanding automation, assembly and testing applications. With a weight of just 12.2 kg, it achieves an impressive weight-to-performance ratio, making it ideal for stationary and mobile use.
Industrial-level training
The Lexium Cobot RL3 The Lexium Cobot RL3 is ideal for simulating direct human-robot collaboration. This collaborative 6-DOF robot arm has a payload capacity of up to 3 kg and features integrated safety functions, including collision detection and force limitation. Thanks to these functions, it can be used in laboratory or educational scenarios without the need for protective barriers.
Diversity instead of a one-size-fits-all solution – from DIY to industrial cobots
Robotic arms open up a practical learning environment for students. There is a suitable model for every level of learning and experience. Integrating them into lessons offers many advantages. It increases motivation and links subject content in a meaningful way. At the same time, it makes complex technologies more accessible. Finding the right introduction today lays the foundation for key skills. These skills are becoming increasingly important in an increasingly automated and networked world. This is the first step towards understanding and actively shaping technology.
Images: Adobe Stock
